The Ethereum community has been a mess for the past few weeks, with members raising the alarm to lose its chain if it does not address some basic design issues.
A major focus of irritation is the fragmentation of layer-2. In recent years, Ethereum embraced a layer-2 scaling roadmap-a plan that encouraged the development of third-party auxiliary networks called “Layer-2 Rollups” -To help the Base Ethereum Base ecosystem. Offloading activity to these upstart networks has helped drop fees and improve speeds for end-users, but it leads to a massive, deep ecosystem fragment of the 2S layer.
While layer-2 networks all the posting data back to Ethereum, they often struggle to communicate directly to one another, which means the passage of property and data between them is It can be expensive and intricate. There is also a risk of Centralized sequencers: The dependence on the black boxes controlled by the company to pass the transaction data between the blockchain layers.
As layer-2 chains continue to grow, some Ethereum developers are pushing a rollup tech that takes a new approach to security and interoperability: “Based on rollups.”
Based on rollups
Rollup-based ones differ from most existing rollups because they moved implementation-like processing-like processing of transactions-return to Ethereum’s layer-1 instead of touching them on a separate network of Layer-2.
When there is a transact on a layer-2 rollup, their transaction is processed through a substance called a “sequencer.” The sequencer Batches of multiple transactions and submit them to the Ethereum for removal. In most rollups today, this sequel is centralized, which means a single creature (usually the company that built a rollup) controls the order and posting of transactions.
Centralized sequencers are currently A subject of debate to The community of Ethereum. While sequencers provide efficiency and generate revenue for rollup operators through strategic ordering of transactions, they also introduce a single point of failure. An improper or malicious sequencer may be delayed or manipulated transactions, raising concerns about censorship and reliability.
Rollup based on this vulnerability by using the built-in Ethereum order-the massive community of validators-than a single centralized succession.
The evolution of layer-2 roadmap
In 2022, Ethereum co-founder Vitalik Blerin laid out his vision for a Rollup-centric roadmap. The plan suggested using layer-2 rollups on the side-step the high base chain and slow transaction speed.
Different rollups use different techniques for maintaining costs and boosting speed, but they are all designed to uphold decentralization and security – meaning (In theory) Networks should not be operated in the middle, and the transactions they embarrass to Ethereum are free from the uprising.
Rollups such as optimism, arbitrum, base, zksync, and blast grow rapidly to support greater volume of transaction than the Ethereum itself. According to L2Beat. As the Ethereum becomes larger and the layer-2 networks become more important in its functioning, improving communication between layers-2s-in other words, improving “composability” —is becoming more important than Before.
Since the based rollups share a sequencer from the layer-1 chain (sometimes referred to as the layer-1 “proposer”), they can call smart contracts with other rolls based on a few seconds, which makes it easier to access and replace data throughout the layer- 2s.
“They effectively share a sequencer with each other as well as to Layer-1 and now allows step-by-step coordinate messages that pass between different rollups, whereas the usual passage passage is happening in an asynchronous fashion, “Ben Fisch, the CEO of Espresso systems, said in an interview with CoinDesk.
Since the based rollups all use the built-in order of Ethereum, they can contact each other immediately, in blockchain terms-all within the same Ethereum block.1
“You can have, in the length of an Ethereum block, a based on rollup removal, do something on layer-1, deposit the properties, do something on layer-2 and revoke the properties, “Fisch told CoinDesk.
Some drawbacks
Some projects are looking for technology based on technology, but only one -based rollup, Taiko, is currently live.
While rollups like Taiko show clear benefits, they will need to overcome some technical barriers before they are more widely adopted.
A major challenge is the generation of proof. When a rollup based submitting transaction data to Ethereum, it must generate and publish proofs every 12 seconds – matching the time of the Ethereum block. Currently, the layer-2 rollup uses two types of proof systems: Proofs that zero-knowledge (ZK)that ends in a few minutes, and Optimistic proofsthat lasted up to seven days to inquire potential fraud.
For based on rollups to work well, the proof generation speeds need to be in line with the Ethereum block time – a significant technical jump. However, Fisch said that a success in front of this could be “close.”
Other pitfalls are Ethereum block manufacturers, or “layer-1 proposals.” On the basis of rollups, these proposers have replaced the role of the transactions in order. But their main motivation is not necessarily fair – this is the income
“Layer-1 measures are not trusted creatures that work in Layer-2 interest, they are economical to make as much money as possible,” Fisch said. “So they can confirm some transactions for the end users, and then see a chance on MEV, causing them to publish something quite different.”
The mev, or maximum amount that can be obtained, refers to the practice of Reording transaction to be able to -ximize incomeoften at the expense of regular users. If the proposals manipulate the transactions, it can create an unevenness on the based rollups. To address this, developers are working on solutions such as pre-confirmations, aimed at adding economic incentives for proposals to act in the interest of rollups.
So while rollups can show a promising way to reduce fragmentation between layers-2, they are not a miracle arrangement. “My personal opinion is that the rollups are a part of the solution, they are not the only solution, and not all layer-2s are required or based on,” Fisch said.
Read more: ‘Sequencers’ are controlled by blockchain traffic. Here’s why they don’t understand
